Essay on Decay Theory in STM and Theory of Duration in STM

Decay Theory in STM and Theory of Duration in STM The theory suggests STM can only hold information for between 15 and 30 seconds unless it is rehearsed Brown Peterson (1959). After this time the information Decays (fades away). Waugh Norman (1965) used the Serial Probe Technique to test the theory. Participants were given a series of numbers to learn. They were then given one of the numbers and asked which number followed it. For example; participants were given the Probe word 7 and asked what followed it, the answer is 3. The numbers were presented at different speeds therefore the faster the numbers presented the better the recall if Trace Decay theory is correct as the more likely†¦show more content†¦Godden Baddeley (1975) provided evidence for this by asking participants to learn a list of words either on land or 15 ft underwater. They were better able to recall words if asked to do so in the setting in which they originally learnt them. 2. Secondly, State-Dependent Retrieval suggests that recall is improved if the individual is in the same physical and/or psychological state as when they first learnt the information. Godwin (1969) investigated the effect of alcohol on recall and found individuals were better able to recall information learnt when drunk if they were drunk. Other drugs seem to affect memory similarly. Bower (1981) however found that the same principle applied to mood did not have such a convincing effect but only a tendency to produce State-Dependent Retrieval.SPANSTYLE=COLOR:RED 3. Thirdly, recall may be by the presence of cues or probes, clues or associations. This is referred to as Cue-Dependent Retrieval, Tulving Pearlstone (1966). Interference in LTM This idea suggests that information in LTM may become confused or combined with other information during encoding thus distorting or disrupting memories. Interference in LTM is thought to be either proactive where old memories disrupt new memories or retroactive where new memories disrupt old memories. Both Proactive andShow MoreRelatedEssay Py4 Explanations of Forgetting1975 Words   |  8 Pagesmemory (STM) or long term memory (LTM) it can be due to a lack of availability or accessibility. A lack of availability is where information is not present in STM due to decay and displacement, and a lack of accessibility is in the LTM due to cue dependency and interference. Forgetting occurs in the STM as it has a limited duration and capacity; once these limits are reached, information is forgotten. If information is forgotten from STM therefore it is unavailable, however LTM’s duration and capacityRead MoreEssay about Evaluation of Two Models Of Memory1413 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation. It is an exact copy of the stimulus, although it lasts for a very short time. 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